Founded in 1971 by the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD), the NASDAQ is owned by the NASDAQ OMX Group. The NASDAQ was intended to increase the volume and proficiency of the over-the-counter market, and by the 1990's became a viable competitor to physical location exchanges like the NYSE. By 1994, annual number of shares traded on the NASDAQ exceeded those traded on the NYSE, and in 1998 the NASDAQ merged with the American Stock Exchange.
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